6^th International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Engineering September 12-14, 2016 Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Biography:

Dr. Padmaja Guggilla, an Associate Professor of Physics, at Alabama A&M University with a Ph.D. degree in Applied Physics in 2007. Dr. Guggilla has been extremely successful in writing grants and secured over a million dollars in funding as PI and over two million dollars as Co-I. Dr. Guggilla is very well published (45+) including a book chapter and is invited to give technical talks at various International conferences. Dr. Guggilla’s research interests include pyroelectric materials, infrared sensors, crystal growth, thin film and thick film technology, composite films, and photovoltaic devices.

Abstract:

PMN-PT is an important and high performance piezoelectric and pyroelectric relaxor material having wide range of applications in infrared sensor devices. PMN-PT with 30 mole% single crystal powder was incorporated into a [P(VDF-TrFE)] (70-30 mole%) copolymer matrix to form the 0-3 composites. The material was prepared and subsequently irradiated with heavy ion oxygen. The nanocomposites were analyzed and determined that the material indicated changes in its dielectric constant and pyroelectric coefficient after irradiation. PMN-PT:[P(VDF-TrFE)] Nanocomposites are also characterized using Raman Spectroscopy to get the finger print of these materials and their existence in the composite films. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss results are presented as a function of temperature and frequency, and pyroelectric coefficient as a function of temperature. Due to the irradiation the dielectric constant of the materials increased uniformly, while its pyroelectric coefficient showed a sharp increase to the value of 5×10^-9μC/cm²â„ƒ with increase in temperature. Its dielectric constants showed an increase in values of 527μC/cm²â„ƒat 50℃, 635μC/cm²â„ƒ at 60℃ and 748μC/cm²â„ƒ at 70 ℃. Authors also observed that both microscopic structure and environmental conditions contributed to observed properties. Dielectric loss resulted from electromagnetic energy loss as manifested through phase differences between low-frequency input signal to the films and time varying polarization. The decrease of ε' in higher frequencies region may be due to the fact that the dipoles cannot follow the fast variation of the applied field. This behavior of the increase in ε' and ε" at lower frequencies can be due to contribution of interfacial polarization in the heterogeneous system as well as conduction from space-charges. The activation energy of the PMN-PT:[P(VDF-TrFE)] composite material is calculated and presented. Properties such as the material impedance, admittance and modulus were investigated before and after irradiation effect.

Biography:

Nezar H. Khdary obtained his PhD from the University of Southampton, UK 2005. He is a member of Royal Society of chemistry (MRSC,CChem), American Chemical Society, The New York Academy of Sciences, Saudi Chemical Society and Saudi Computer Society,. In 2012 he nominated an assistant professor visitor at Northwestern University. Currently Dr. Khdary is associate professor at King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology) KACST, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract:

Arsenic contamination is a global issue. The increasing concentration of arsenic in groundwater causes arsenic poisoning; which leads to serious problems to the body, such as kidney and liver medical problem. Also, could cause skin cancer. Therefore, a convenient, easy and cheap technique is required to remove arsenic from contaminated water. According to the study presented in USA TODAY (2007) the arsenic problem facing around 70 countries and more than 137 million people. In this Study, super high surface area (3000 m²/g), carbon was produced to remove arsenic from water. Carbon mesoporous particles were first, activated to make the surface rich with hydroxyl groups, and then the surface was modified with a cabling agent (Fig 1). The modified mesoporous carbon showed superb material for arsenic removal. The removal presents based on ICP-MS were 98-100%. This material will open a new door in the field of arsenic removal

Biography:

Abstract:

A ultra-low C medium Mn steel was subjected to controlled rolling and water quenching, and then the steel plate was intercritically tempered at 650ºC for 30min and 50min, respectively. The microstructure consisted of duplex laminate structure of tempered martensite and reversed transformed austenite. The high yield strength of 780MPa and good low temperature toughness of 135J at -60ºC were obtained when the quenched steel was tempered for 30min. As the tempering time increasing to 50min, the yield strength was decreased to 685MPa, while the tensile strength of 860MPa was unchanged, leading to reduced yield ratio. Moreover, the impact energy at -60ºC was slightly enhanced to 150J. The variation of mechanical properties was influenced by the stability of austenite.

Biography:

Ling He is a professor of Chemistry Department, University of Xian Jiaotong University. She is the director of Chemistry Department and director of Institute of Conservation for Cultural Heritage. She got her Ph.D. in Chemistry Department of Northwestern Polytechnical University and MSc in Analytical Chemistry at University of Science and Technology of China. She has worked as visiting scholar in University of Munich University (Germany) in 1992-1994, and University of Bologna (Italy) in 1998-1999. She has published more than 60 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.

Abstract:

The conservation of stone arts is hoped to eradicate or to retard the degradation processes arising from environmental factors, physical erosion and microorganisms. Nanoscience is a unique resource to conservation because the engineered nanomaterials do not alter the original physical and chemical properties of artefacts and have low environmental impact. Here, we report the soft nanomaterial (built from molecular blocks) in conserving historic stone arts. The molecular blocks bearing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) has unique nanoscale cage-shaped structure and a good solubility which could be easily incorporated into polymeric matrices with promising special properties. Therefore, several POSS-based soft nanomaterials are synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique for stone conservation. (1) POSS-based epoxy copolymer of PGMA-g-P(MA-POSS), (2) the POSS-capped diblock copolymer of ap-POSS-PMMAm-b-P(MA-POSS)n, (3) the combination of linear PDMS and caged POSS triblock copolymer of PDMS-b-PMMAm-b-P(MA-POSS)n, and (4) tadpole-shaped POSS-based fluoropolymers of ap-POSS-PMMA-b-PDFHM. Their self-assembled nanopartiles in solution, the surface morphology, chemical composition, hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties, adhesive strength of films and thermal stability are characterized. The performance of these soft nanomaterials for the stone conservation is evaluated by the surface variation, pore size distribution, capillary water absorption, water contact angles and salt/freeze-thaw cycles. The obtained soft nanomaterials are prospected to have the great potential advantages in the conservation of historic stones.

Biography:

Dr.Azha.Periasamy has completed his Ph.D from Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu. He is working as Assistant Professor in Electronics and Instrumentation. He has published 14 referred journals of international and national level.

Abstract:

The family of hydrogen sulphate salts forms an interesting group of materials as the bonding in them is characterized by the presence of strong hydrogen bonds which influence their properties considerably. It is imperative to have better idea about the geometry of sulphate tetrahedron, hydrogen bonding pattern between HSO₄^- ions and the dynamical interaction in these systems in order to establish a correlation between their properties and structure.

Sodium hydrogen sulphate crystals are used as flux or decomposing minerals, substitute for sulphuric acid in dying, disinfectant manufacture of sodium hydrosulphide, sodium sulphate and soda alumn, liberating CO₂ in carbonic acid baths in thermophores, carbonizing works, manufacture of manganese cements, paper, soap, perfumes, food, industrial cleaners, metal pickling are mainly used for the conservation of bees and tartrate into potassium tartrate, ethyl acetate and lab reagents. Potassium hydrogen sulphate belongs to the hydrogen sulphate family MHSO₄ (M= Cs, K, Rb and/or NH₄) that show high temperature phase transition phenomena that is some cases are related to fast-ion conducting phases; these transitions have been investigated by several authors. The hydrogen bonding pattern between the HSO₄^- tetrahedral ions play a dominant role in determining the properties of these compounds. For example, these bonds are responsible for the ferroelectric phase transition found in ammonium and rubidium hydrogen sulphate.

Biography:

Shubin Ren has completed his PhD from USTB(University of Science and Technology Beijing ) China and now has been an Associate Professor in USTB. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The retaining rings are used to protect coils wounding on both ends of the generator rotor from damaging and they suffer huge centrifugal force which increases with generator size. So far, most rings failed due to stress corrosion cracking under comprehensive action of stress concentration and corrosive environment. Thus, it is necessary to require retaining ring materials with good stress corrosion resistance and high yield strength (above 1200Mpa). Currently, Cr18Mn18 austenitic non-magnetic steels with good ability to resist stress corrosion and high mechanical properties are often used to prepare the retaining ring of large capacity generator. Electroslag remelting combined with subsequent 10-20 times forging is a typical routine to prepare these rings, during which the forging cracks are easily produced on the surface of the rings due to high content of alloy elements, leading to its low yield and high cost. The powder hot isostatic pressing (HIP) forming technology is used to convert powder in the solid state to fully dense components, resulting in better properties than those achieved by traditional melting or press and sinter manufacturing technologies. Powder can be encapsulated in shaped sheet metal and HIPed to produce near-net shape parts. HIP, in recent years, has become an advanced technology for making large complex shape products and high-performance materials. This paper mainly researched the preparation of generator retaining rings by HIP near net shaping process, including powder preparation and the optimization of HIP parameters. In the end, HIP process is evaluated by a performance comparison with traditional process.

Biography:

Dr. Anouska Nithyanandan was awarded her PhD in 2015 in Biomaterials Engineering at University College London, under the academic supervision of Prof. Mohan Edirisinghe and Dr. Jie Huang. She previously completed her MEng Masters degree in Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering from the University of Warwick, graduating top of her class. She is currently a Research Associate to an EPSRC-sponsored research assistantship and her work is a collaborative project between the EPSRC, UCL and JRI Orthopaedics Ltd. It is centred on developing TAEA spraying into a generic patterning process for bioactive materials and substrates for clinical use in orthopedic implant technology.

Abstract:

The bioengineering pursuit of coating the surface of orthopedic implants such as hip replacements with bioactive materials, enhances direct biological fixation and extends functional service life. This minimizes recovery times and revision surgeries for patients. Template-assisted electrohydrodynamic atomization (TAEA) is a novel ambient temperature patterning process that has the capability to deposit a wide range of materials including bioceramics, biopolymers, composites and biological agents during manufacturing. Pattern topography can be controlled via template choice with observed marked biological benefit above continuous coatings. This work further develops TAEA to optimize the application of interlocked titania (TiO₂) and hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings onto a range of curved titanium substrates, testing and verifying bioactivity in-vitro. Nanoindentation results indicate good adhesion between the pattern and substrate. The morphology and structure of the coatings were determined using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Parallel line microstructures with mean strut width 97±12µm and mean spacing 54±6μm have been successfully produced, establishing that TAEA can create patterns closely resembling the initial template across a range of process variables. MTT and AlamarBlue™ assays were carried out with human osteoblast (HOB) cell lines fixed at a range of time points (3-14 days), to elucidate non-cytotoxicity and cell proliferation in-vitro. HOB cells responded to the parallel line pattern by elongating along and between the lines. The study therefore evidenced the potential for TAEA applications in the future design, manufacturing and functionality of the surface topography of othopadic implants by controlling and guiding cellular response.

Biography:

Xianglin Zhai is a PhD candidtate of analytical chemistry in Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry. He will graduate in May of 2016. His PhD research focuses on scanning probe techniques and surface fabrication. He has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of Trends in Renewable Energy.

Abstract:

Combining particle lithography with molecular self-assembly is a practical approach to produce 2D arrays of organothiol nanostructures with well-defined geometries and designated surface coverage. A common feature of the various strategies for particle lithography is that a dried film of monodisperse latex or silica mesospheres is used either as an evaporative mask or structural template to define the periodicity and size of nanopatterns. A close-packed, crystalline arrangement of spherical particles is spontaneously produced when mesospheres are dried on flat surfaces. Thiols attach to gold surfaces forming self-assemble monolayers (SAMs). N-alkanethiol molecules are well ordered as a commensurate (√3×√3)R30° lattice on Au(111) with backbones tilted approximately 30° from surface normal. N-alkanethiol SAMs on flat gold provides highly valuable applicability as two-dimensional (2D) device architectures. Combined with particle lithography, millions of regular nanopatterns are generated within thiol SAM using simple chemistry steps (mixing, centrifuging and drying) with exquisite control of the geometry, density, and surface chemistry at the nanoscale. Surfaces can be designed to present diverse functional groups for spatial selectivity for further steps of chemical reactions. Organized arrays of organothiol nanostructures furnish a scaffold for building more complex molecular structures with additional successive steps of chemical reactions such as click-chemistry or surface-initiated polymerization. Examples will be presented for backfilling organothiol nanopatterns with different thiols and conductive molecules, as steps towards designing surface test platform.

Biography:

Dr. Sarker, the President, CEO and CTO of Waste Technologies, LLC (WTL) since 2013, is the sole owner of the company. He received his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), Manchester, UK. He also has a Masters and a Bachelor’s degree, both in Chemistry, from the University of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Dr. Sarker has been the Vice President of Research & Development for NSR since 2005 where he invented the technology which makes up US Patent # 8,927,797 B2 “Method for converting waste plastics to lower – molecular weight hydrocarbons, particularly hydrocarbon fuel materials and the hydrocarbon material produced thereby.” An additional 5 patents are pending. This work has garnered numerous awards both nationally and internationally.

In addition to having published more than 110 research articles he acts as Editor-in Chief for 15 renowned international journals; World Research Journal of Physical Chemistry, International Journal of Chemical Research, and the World Research Journal of Environment and Waste Management and Editor of 155 and 175 of peer reviewer of national and international journals. Dr, Sarker wrote 6 books including chapters on Waste Plastic to Fuel.

Abstract:

Waste Plastic is huge problem in USA and around the Global. This is global problem . Inventions of the twentieth century, plastics are everywhere. Society has found ample ways to use plastics. But users are less adept at managing the material when they are finished with it—often after only one use. The volume of plastics being produced, used, generated, and discarded is greater than ever before. Plastics therefore require increasing effort and ingenuity to properly manage. Annually, of the 120 billion pounds of plastics produced in the United States only about 6% or 4.8 billion pounds are recycled. For all the talk of plastic bans, plastic production is increasing. Waste Technologies LLC (WTL) has the solution at its disposal. This technology can produce approximately 1.3 liter of “WTL fuel” from one kilogram of plastic waste. The exact yield depends on the type of plastic, and the grade of WTL fuel desired. Typically, the process produces a residue of less than 5% of the weight of the plastic waste. This residue is rich in carbon and may be an environmentally superior substitute for coal with a higher BTU value. The WTL technology is able to cater to a wide range of diverse applications, including but not limited to fuel, gas and electrical generation. NSR’s / WTL patented technology, in conjunction with WTL technology and know-how, is a simple and economically viable process to decompose the hydrocarbon polymers of waste plastic into the shorter chain hydrocarbons of liquid fuel. WTL believes that it can convert approximately one tonne of plastic into about 300 gallons of fuel at a cost of about $0.75-$1.00 per gallon and produces 4,205 ft3 (CFT) of light gas (C1-C4) byproduct when developed to commercial size. WTL’s refining process is uncomplicated and promises to be very competitive with large crude oil installations. In financial projections WTL uses $30/bbl. ($0.71 per gallon) for preprocessing and refining costs. Other plastic recycling technologies generally have a very narrow band of plastics they can use. Nearly all recycling is done with plastic designations 1 or 2 while designations 3 through 7 are virtually untapped (over 70% of all plastic fall within these categories). A combination of economic and technological factors account for this situation. The advantage of WTL technology is that it can produce a profitable product from material that society generally pays to thrown away. It is this no or low cost feedstock that is the key advantage.

Biography:

Abdul Majid carried out research on experimental study of GaN systems in Institute of semiconductor Physics, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing, China and received his PhD in Physics from Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. He joined Physics department, University of Gujrat in 2009. He is currently working as Japan Society for the promotion of science (JSPS) postdoctoral fellow in Osaka University, Japan. His current research interests include MoS2 based material’s design for applications in optoelectronics and spintronics applications. He has published more than 60 research articles in international journals of repute. Acknowledgement: JSPS is acknowledged for financial support.

Abstract:

In post silicon era, the utilization of compound semiconductors (II-VI, III-V) has effectively fulfilled the technological requirements of modern age. The search of nanominiature and economical devices led the human curiosity to enter into the flatland of graphene in 2004 which opened gate to enormous prospects. The limitations of graphene due to its zero band gap motivated researchers to search for alternate two dimensional (2D) materials. Among recently focused 2D materials MoS₂ is a prototype transition metal dichalcogenide due to its wide spread applications in devices and daily life.
This group is looking for efficient material design based on MoS₂ monolayers to meet the requirements of future optoelectronics and spintronics devices. Our preliminary detailed computational investigations on MoS₂ and CeS₂ monolayers revealed that doping/alloying of rare earth (RE) elements modifies interlayer binding energy, defect formation energy and structural parameters of the layers which have strong influence on optical and magnetic properties of materials. Motivated by this we studied the effects of doping of series of RE elements (4f¹ to 4f⁷) in MoS₂ monolayers. The GGA-PBE calculations were performed using VASP code to relax the structures and calculate defect formation energy for all the materials. The spin polarization and long range ferromagnetic ordering was observed owing to 4f open shell configuration of the dopants. The analysis revealed dopant dependent band gap narrowing caused by appearance of impurity related states at edges of host bands. Most of the doped materials are p-type degenerate ferromagnetic semiconductors.

Biography:

Radames has completed his MS in Biochemistry and PhD in Biophysics at the age of 25 years from Albert Einstein College of Medicine. As a Young Talent Attraction Scholar at the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, he continued his doctorate work on the physicochemical properties of microbial capsules and extraceullar vesicles. Currently, he studies fungal melanin in the laboratory of Dr. Arturo Casadevall at the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. He has published more than 27 papers in reputed.

Abstract:

Melanins are pigments found in most, if not all, life forms. In biology, melanins are related to function in photoprotection, camouflage, antioxidant, metal chelators, drug resistance, and virulence. These insoluble and amorphous substances are also attractive because of their unique physicochemical properties, including a broad-band UV-Visible optical absorption and the ability to conduct/store electrical charge depending on the water content. Studies from our laboratory demonstrated that melanized fungi can harness chemical energy by capturing high-energy electromagnetic radiation and act as a thermal insulator, protecting cells against heat and cold stress. This research project began evaluating the role of melanin on thermoregulation in the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans; an ideal model since it can generate different pigments depending on exogenous precursor (ie. L-Dopa, dopamine, epinephrine). We initiate our studies by monitoring the apparent temperature differences of L-Dopa pigmented versus non-pigmented C. neoformans communities using infrared imaging. Our data shows that melanized fungal material exhibit slower dissipation of heat when switch from a hot to a cold environment and different apparent temperatures following irradiation with microwave or infrared frequencies, even in the absence of water. These results suggest that melanin alters the heat absorbtion/release of fungal material, and, consistent with the theory of thermal melanism in ectotherms, melanization can provide a mechanism by which microorganisms can regulate their absolute temperatures in response to thermal and/or radiation changes in their environment.

Biography:

Ping Zhou, 27 years old, is a PhD Candidate from Peking University. He has published 5 papers in reputed jounals.

Abstract:

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) possess great value in the aspect of cellular therapies due to its self-renewal and potential to differentiate into all somatic cell types. A few defined synthetic surfaces such as polymers and adhesive biological materials conjugated substrata were established for the self-renewal of hPSCs. However, none of them was effective in the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and long-term maintenance of multiple hPSCs, and most of them required complicated manufacturing processes. Polydopamine (PDA) has good biocompatiblity, is able to form a stable film on nearly all solid substrates surface, and can immobilize adhesive biomolecules. In our study, carboxymethyl chitosan was used as a linker to orthogonally and controllably attach adhensive peptide to PDA coated cell culture plates for the culture of hPSCs. This synthetic surface was demonstrated that not only support the reprogramming of human somatic cells into hiPSCs under defined conditions, but also sustain the growth of hiPSCs on diverse substrates. Moreover, the proliferation and pluripotency of hPSCs cultured on the surface were comparable to Matrigel for more than 20 passages. Besides, hPSCs were able to differentiate to cardiomyocytes and neural cells on the surface. This polydopamine-based synthetic surface represents a chemically-defined surface extensively applicable both forfundamental research and cell therapies of hPSCs.

Biography:

Dr. Sampath kumar M.C. is faculty at the civil engineering Department at B.M.S College of engineering Bangalore, India. He is involved in Teaching, research and environmental application activities. His area of interest is in the field of remote sensing and GIS for natural resources conservation.

Abstract:

The Paper describes the studies conducted on application of cleaner development mechanisms and its impact on environment in three industrial areas at different geographical locations. The industrial areas under investigation had a Textile industry, Pharmaceutical Industry and a metal plating industry.The studies involved Industry specific issues such as cleaner development mechanisms, substitution of process chemicals, use of alternate raw materials and process modification. The charecteristics under consideration varied from energy consumption,water balance,hazardous waste handling and ambient noise levels.The studies were supplemented with Estimation of carbon credits and economics.Studies were further facilitated by GIS tools involving GPS suveys,remote sensing and GIS to assess the impact on Ground water quality by sampling and charecterisation of 90 ground water samples around these industrial areas spread on a vast geographical area.Based on these studies need based solutions have been arrived at to minimise environmental damage and strengthen Green initiatives which has brought a distinct change in the quality of work practices in these industrial areas and community at large.

Biography:

Dr. Veena Prasad has completed her PhD at the age of 30 years, from Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru, India and postdoctoral studies from Korea University, Seoul, South Korea. She is a senior scientist at Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bengaluru, a reputed research institute in the fields of both Soft and Nano materials research. She has published more than 45 papers in reputed journals and co-authored a book chapter. She was awarded Dr. Kalpana Chawla Young Women Scientist State Award for the year- 2013, in recognition of her outstanding contribution in the field of Science and Technology.

Abstract:

A new surge of activity in the field of ferro-/antiferro-electric liquid crystals was prompted in 1996, by the observation of ferroelectric switching in achiral bent-core compounds. Later, several such compounds exhibiting electro-optically switchable mesophases were reported. The first photochromic azo functionalised bent-core liquid crystals were reported by us in 2001. The reversible photo-induced effects observed (Veena and Jakli, in 2004), in transition temperatures and electrio-optical switching properties of the mesophases exhibited by these compounds, have added a new dimension to the exciting field of bent-core liquid crystals. Thus, we continued our investigations on such azo functionalised compounds, from various aspects. In this presentation, I will be describing three structural variants of azo substituted achiral bent-core compounds constituting of symmetrical and non-symmetrical molecules. It was found that the non-symmetrical molecules are more conducive to mesomorphism than the symmetrical ones. We observed B₁ (Col_r), B₂ (SmC_AP_A) and B₇ mesophases in these compounds. The B₇ mesophase was found to have a modulated layer structure. We also report for the first time, the photo-induced studies in the B₇ mesophase and make a comparison of these results with those obtained in a B₂ mesophase. From our studies, we observed that these effects are more profound in the case of B₇ mesophase when compared to the B₂ mesophase, in such systems.

Biography:

Wei Li Lee received his Ph.D. degree from Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore in 2012. He is currently working as a Postdoctoral Fellow at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Before joining MIT, Wei Li was a postdoctoral research fellow in NTU (2012-2014), where he served as a project leader for particle fabrication and drug-carrier formulations. He has developed 5 patents and published 19 peer-reviewed journal papers, including 15 first-authored papers in Small, Journal of Controlled Release, Acta Biomaterialia, etc. He also presented his works at several international conferences held in the US, Europe and Asia, and won several academic awards.

Abstract:

Nanoscale surface textures, when optimally designed, present a unique surface engineering approach to improve surface functionalities. Coupling surface texture with shape programmable polymer may generate tunable surface properties. A shape memory polyetherurethane is used to prepare 250 nm-pillar arrays. The mechanical deformation via stretching and recovery of the pillar arrays are investigated as a function of aspect ratios. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses show the higher aspect-ratio (2.5:1) pillars exhibiting more deformation in height than low (l:1) aspect-ratio pillars under the same applied macroscopic strain. In the recovery study, the high contribution of surface energy impedes the complete recovery (~70%) of pillars. The nanopillar arrays are shown to perform switchable wetting function and surface mechanical properties (penetration resistance, modulus, buckling/bending) without changing materials or needing continuous external stress or energy inputs. For wetting, the 1:1 pillars exhibited decreasing water contact angles as the applied tensile strain (É›) increased from 0% to 200%, whereas the contact angles on the 2.5:1 pillars increased when changing É› from 0% to 100%, and began to decrease at high strain (É›=200%). In terms of surface mechanical behavours, the 2.5:1 pillars yielded a higher unloading modulus compared to the 1:1 pillars as a result of distinct buckling/bending mechanisms. In addition, the modulus could be further engineered by deforming the pillar structure and its arrangement. This study provides insights into how the surface functionalities can be tuned by manipulating geometrical designs of surface patterns and varying applied levels of stretching during shape programming.

Biography:

Cai-Ru GAO has completed his PhD at the age of 41 years from The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University. She is a major member of the Metal material microstructure and performance control team. She has published more than 16 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

With high frequency fatigue experiment machine PX-100, The fatigue behavior test of wheel spoke steel named S500LF was carried out within 100~120Hz frequency, adopting pull - pressure symmetric force test method. Fatigue limit of tesed steel is 291MPa; the S-N curve is illustuated out, and return to the S-N curve equation;The fracture analysis shows that the S500LF wheel spoke steel has good toughness.

Biography:

Jun Hu has completed his PhD at the age of 27 years from The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University. He is dedicated to study the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties control of advanced high strength steel. He has published more than 20 papers in the SCI indexed journals, and total impact factor was higher than 50.

Abstract:

A ultra-low carbon 5Mn steel was subjected to controlled rolling and direct cooling, and then the ultra heavy plate steel of 100 mm thickness was intercritically tempered at 650ºC. The microstructure consisted of alternative laminate structure of tempered martensite and reversed transformed austenite. The yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation of 638 MPa, 805 MPa, and 34%, was obtained in the 1/2 thickness of the plate, and 670 MPa, 818 MPa, and 32% in the 1/4 thickness. Moreover, the impact absorbed energy tested at -80ºC was higher than 100 J. The high microstructure and mechanical properties homogeneity along thickness was obtained because 5Mn alloying significantly increase the hardenability of the ultra-thick plate steel. The partitioning of Mn from tempered martensite to austenite greatly enhanced the stability of reversed austenite. Austenite transformed to martensite under tensile straining, and the volume fraction decreased gradually. The TRIP effect of metastable reversed transformed austenite played the significant role on improving toughness and plasticity.

Biography:

Prof. Buta Singh Sidhu is notable academician and technologist and is Dean Academic of IKG Punjab Technical University Jalndhar (India). Additionally he is currently holding a position of Dean International Collaborations. He has completed his PhD at the age of 39 years, from Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India.

Prof. Sidhu has very early entered to the noble teaching profession as being his interest to be teacher and has worked on many of research projects. Apart from member of many of the National and International bodies, Prof. Sidhu has nominated as member of the TSS Thermal Spray Advisory Council of TSS-ASM Thermal Spray Society, an affiliate Society of ASM International, USA.

Prof. Sidhu has published 140 research papers in reputed journals and conference proceedings and is serving as an editorial board member of various Journals/ Conferences of repute. He is also Editor in Chief of International Journal of Surface Engineering and Materials Technology.

Abstract:

Erosion-Corrosion in boiler steels is both costly and dangerous. Many times hot corrosion and erosion are the main causes for shutdown of power plants. Apart from shut down in power plants it limits steam temperature, reduces thermal efficiency of boilers and loss of billions of dollars for the replacement of corroded structures, machinery and equipment.

In this research work, Alumina coatings reinforced with various percentages of carbon nano tubes (CNTs) were prepared and has been successfully deposited on ASME-SA213-T91 boiler tube steel with purpose to enhance the corrosion resistance. Plasma spray process methodology was used to deposit these coatings. Ni-20Cr was used as bond coat before applying CNTs- Al₂O₃ coatings. The coatings were subjected to metallography, XRD, SEM/EDAX and X-Ray mapping analysis.

A decrease in the porosity has been observed with increase in CNTs content. The carbon nano tubes were found to be uniformly distributed within the Al₂O₃ matrix. The CNTs were chemically stable during the spray forming. These carbon nano tubes found to be stable even at high processing temperature and have not reacted to form oxides.

Biography:

Dr. Balkar Singh has completed his PhD in 2010 from Punjab Techncial University Jallandhar, Punjab, India. Presnetly he his working as Directror of colleges of IKG-PTU. He did graduationa nd post graducation in Mechancil Engineeeig from Panjab Univeristy Chandigarh, India. The area of rsearch work is manily finite element method and non tradtional manufacturing processes.

Abstract:

Magnetic abrasives play essential role in Magnetic assited abrasive Finishing (MAF) processes. The magnetic abrasives are prepared by a variety of technqies. In many existing applications of MAF simple mixing of ferromagnetic and abrasive particles has been employed. In the present work, the parametric studies have been conducted to assess the impact of prominent paramters of sintering process on perforamcne of magentic abrasives. The sintering time, concentration of abrasive and ferromagetic powder  and compacting pressure were chosen as input paramters. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) has been used to conduct and analyse the experiemtnal work. Percentage Improvement in Surface Finish (PISF) is taken as perforamcne criteria. The optimal combination of input paramters was determined on the basis of experimental data. Sintering time of 24 min, compacting pressure 8.3 N/mm² and abrasive concentration 18 % aluminium oxide with 82 % iron powder came as optimal combination.

Biography:

Ignacio Aviles Santillana completed his masters in Industrial engineering with specialization in material science at the age of 26 years from Carlos III University of Madrid. His master thesis developed at CERN opened him the possibility of joining the materials and metrology section of Dr Sgobba in the field of materials for particle accelerators. He started his PhD in the field of fracture mechanics of austenitic stainless steel welds at cryogenic temperature in 2015.

Abstract:

Austenitic stainless steels have been used extensively for very low temperature applications due to their high strength and ductility, ready weldability, high fracture toughness and a low fatigue crack growth rate down to cryogenic temperatures. Today stainless steels are also the dominant materials of ultra-high vacuum (UHV) constructions. For the most demanding applications, a high temperature vacuum firing treatment is applied to the finished components in order to reduce the outgassing rate. Vacuum firing, for some specific applications, might be carried out within the range of sensitization temperatures for the steel. For this reason, it is essential to assess the impact of such heat treatments on the ductility and fracture mechanics properties of stainless steels, which are particularly relevant for components to be used in the cryogenic range.

The present paper investigate mechanical and fracture toughness behavior at 4 K of AISI 316L and AISI 316LN tungsten inert gas (TIG) welds using an austenitic stainless steel filler (EN 1.4453). Additionally, the effect on fracture toughness of two typical vacuum firing treatments (950 ℃ for 2 hours and 650 ℃ for 24 hours) is evaluated. A correlation between the evolution of properties and microstructure as resulting from the above treatment is provided.

Biography:

Wafa Hami started her Phd degree in 2013 in the field of inorganic materials science especially in optical properties of condensed phosphates activated with rare earth. She completed her masters in materials science with specialization in industrial inorganic materials at the age of 24 years from faculty of science, Mohamed V university of Rabat- Morocco. Currently, She got a contract position and she teach part time while pursuing her research.

Abstract:

With the advent of new technologies in the field of optics, the development of luminescent materials for phosphors used especially for lighting, display, viewing or marking, has become one of the areas that have an intense competition internationally.

The judicious choice of the phosphors material as a couple entities: host lattice - active center previously requires a perfect knowledge of the structure of the material and its ability to accommodate one or more dopants. During the last decades, optical properties of rare earth in host matrices have been undertaken especially condensed phosphates matrices that optimize the optical performance of rare earth ions.

Several interesting applications have been reported for condensed phosphate with A^IM^III

P₂O₇ formula (A = alkali; M = RE, transition metal). Besides laser applications, these materials can be used as optical fiber communication [1], ion conductors [1] and VUV phosphors [2] thanks to their chemical stability and structural diversity as reported by G.VITINS [1] and N.KHAY [3].

In our work, we report the results of synthesis and preliminary characterization of a silver diphosphate doped with La and Eu ions. The samples were prepared by conventional solid state reaction and analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The emission of rare earth in this lattice has been investigated at room temperature.

References 1.- G. VITINS, Z. KANEPE, A. VITINS, J. RONIS, A. DINDUNE, A. LUSIS, J. Solid State Electrochem., 4 (2000) 146.
2.- J.L. YUAN, J. WANG, D.B. XIONG, J.T. ZHAO, Y.B. FU, G.B. ZHANG, C.S. Shi, J. Lumin., 126 (2007) 717.
3. - N. KHAY, A. ENNACIRI & M. HARCHARRAS, Vib. Spectrosc., 27 (2001) 119.
4. - C. CALVO, Inorg. Chem., 7 (1968) 1345.

Biography:

Mohammad Masoumi holds PhD degree in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (Physical and mechanical properties of materials) from Universidade Federal do Ceará of Brazil. His research interests focused on the study the role of microstructural parameters such as, microstructure, crystallographic texture and grain boundary distributions on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

Abstract:

High strength low alloy (HSLA) steels are widely used in automotive industry such as cars, trucks and cranes. One of the main challenging issues to use the rolled products is the stamping and deep-drawing that employed in automotive industry. The effect of crystallographic texture produced by hot rolling and different post-treatments on tensile and anisotropic properties was studied in current work. The best anisotropic behavior was obtained by solution treated sample that attributed to the formation of a new set of recrystallized and strain-free grains. The formation of {111} and {110}//ND texture components resulted in an excellent combination of strength and mechanical properties in quench-tempered at 700°C sample.

Biography:

Tu Le Manh is a Metallurgical Engineer and Master in Extractive Metallurgy from Instituto Superior Minero Metalurgico de Moa, Cuba. Currently, he is PhD student at Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico. He has published 3 papers in reputed journals on the use of Barkhausen noise to measure magnetocrystalline energy and have acted as a reviewer for these journals as well.

Abstract:

Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) is a powerful technique for the microstructural characterization of materials. This paper shows evidence of the capability of EBSD to accurately estimate magnetocrystalline energy (MCE) of API 5L steels. The crystallographic texture of six circular samples extracted from different out-of-service pipelines was characterized through X-ray global texture and EBSD microtexture measurements. The average MCE of each sample was estimated from the set of individual grain orientations measured by EBSD. The angular dependence of EBSD-derived MCE was compared with predictions made from X-ray-measured texture and Barkhausen Noise (BHN) measurements. The average EBSD-derived MCE shows a good agreement with the prediction from X-ray and BHN measurements for all the studied samples both qualitatively and quantitatively. This agreement can be explained by the fact that number of grains used to estimate the average MCE from EBSD data was statistically sufficient to reproduce the predictions by the other two methods. The EBSD measurement strategy for the accurate estimation of MCE was established in terms of parameters such as the number of individual grain orientations to be measured, the sample's texture acuity and grain size, and the use of equivalent orientations given by the statistical orthorhombic symmetry of the studied samples. These results also highlight the fact that EBSD-derived MCE has some advantages with respect to the determination of this energy from X-ray texture as MCE can be calculated directly from raw EBSD data for reduced sample sizes, while other microstructural parameters can be incorporated into the analysis of such the impact of grain boundary character distribution on the average MCE of the polycrystal.