Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Igor Kosacki
Honeywell International, Inc., USA
Keynote: Nanomaterials and new technologies for Oil and Gas
Time : 09:30-09:55
Biography:
Igor Kosacki, Ph.D. is currently Engineering Manager, Corrosion Solutions at Honeywell International Inc. In his current role, Dr. Kosacki is responsible for the operation of Corrosion Solution Laboratory and the development new research program for oil and gas materials. Igor Kosacki received his Ph.D. in physics from the Institute of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. In 1992 he joined the Crystal Physics and Electroceramics Laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he worked as Visiting Professor. In 1995-2001 he was employed by University of Missouri-Rolla as Associate Professor. Next, he was working at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (2001-2006) and Shell Exploration & Production (2006-2013) as Senior Scientist. He recently joined (since July 2013) Honeywell. Igor Kosacki’s research activity is focused on the processing of advanced functional materials for energy and oil and gas technologies. The area of interest includes ceramics, thin films and nanocrystalline structures and the study of their electrical, structural and optical properties related to microstructure and fabrication. Dr. Kosacki is an active member of Materials Research Society, The American Ceramic Society, as well as, NACE. He has been involved as a member of the number conference advising committees and served as the chairmen for various symposia. Igor Kosacki is widely published and has over 100 technical papers including book chapters and review articles in the area of materials research. He has more than 4500 citations in the scientific literature.
Abstract:
Progress in development of advanced technologies for unconventional oil and gas production requires new materials stable at high pressures (~200atm), temperatures (~250C) and the ability to work in the presence of aggressive/corrosive environmental parameters including H2S, H2 and CO2. Radical innovation related to new materials and a better understanding of metal corrosion effects occurring on material surfaces under high pressure and temperature are crucial. In addition, a better understanding of metal/liquid interaction will bring new insights on corrosion and will drive improvements in monitoring and protection. Those findings are necessary for successful design and modeling new functional materials for unconventional oil and gas. In this presentation, new insights adapting fundamental sciences to accelerate development of new technologies for unconventional oil and gas will be discussed. Developing a more fundamental understanding of metal/environment interactions will facilitate effective application of new monitoring technologies leading to enhanced operational safety and reliability. This lecture focuses on methodologies to develop new oil and gas technologies through physics, chemistry and materials science. The presentation will also provide an overview of corrosion/materials characterization work conducted at Honeywell’s state-of-the-art corrosion lab in Houston, Texas. A few examples of Honeywell’s corrosion- and materials-related work include:
- develop new functional materials - sensors, proppants, separation membranes and catalysts
- improve energy efficiency – process and corrosion monitoring
- corrosion testing under high pressure and temperature by electrochemical methods
- processes monitoring in situ and real time by optical spectroscopy
Keynote Forum
Haruo Sugi
Teikyo University, Japan
Keynote: Electron microscopic visualization and recording of myosin head power stroke producing muscle contraction using the gas environmental chamber
Time : 09:55-10:20
Biography:
Haruo Sugi completed his PhD at the age of 28 years from the University of Tokyo. He worked in Columbia University and the National Institute of Health from 1965 to 1967. He was a Professor in Physiology in Teikyo University from 1973 to 2004, when he became Emeritus Professor.
Abstract:
Muscle contraction results from relative sliding between actin and myosin filaments, which in turn is produced by attachment-detachment cycle between myosin heads extending from myosin filaments and corresponding sites on actin filaments. Although myosin heads are believed to repeat power and recovery strokes coupled with ATP hydrolysis to produce the filament sliding, the amplitude of myosin head strokes still remains to be a matter of debate and speculation. As early as the late 1980’s, we started using the gas environmental chamber (EC) to visualize and record myosin head motion coupled with ATP hydrolysis, in hydrated actin and myosin filament mixture mounted in the EC. We first determined critical incident electron dose not to impair function of myosin head to be ~10-4C/cm2. Based on these absolute limitations, we observed hydrated myosin filaments, in which myosin heads were position-marked with colloidal gold particles via various antibodies to myosin head. ATP was applied by passing current through an ATP-containing microelectrode. On ATP application, individual myosin heads were found to perform reversible power stroke. The amplitude of power stroke was ~3.3nm at the distal region of myosin head catalytic domain, and ~2.4nm at the myosin head converter domain. Since only a small proportion of myosin head could be activated with applied ATP, the Ca2+-activated myosin heads had to perform power stroke without causing gross filament sliding, i.e. in the isometric condition. At low ionic strength, the amplitude of myosin head power stroke increased to >5nm, in good agreement with our finding that, in Ca2+activated muscle fibers, the force generated by individual myosin heads increases two fold. We emphasize that our work constitute the first success in visualizing and recording myosin head power stroke electron microscopically.
Keynote Forum
Jas Pal Badyal
Durham University, United Kingdom
Keynote: Functional nanocoatings
Time : 10:20-10:45
Biography:
Jas Pal Badyal was awarded BA/MA (1985) and PhD (1988) degrees from Cambridge University; where he subsequently held a King’s College Fellowship and the Oppenheimer Fellowship. He has been recipient of many honors relating to his work on Functional Surfaces, including the Harrison Prize from The Royal Society of Chemistry; the Burch Prize from The British Vacuum Council; and the IAAM Medal (International Association of Advanced Materials). His research has led to 3 successful start-up companies: Surface Innovations Ltd; Dow Corning Plasma Ltd; and P2i Ltd (2013-2014 International Business Award for \'Most Innovative Company in Europe\').
Abstract:
The worldwide market for functional surfaces exceeds $50 billion per annum (US Department of Energy). A key driver is the added value that can be imparted to commercial products by the molecular engineering of their surface properties. For example, the cleanliness of optical lenses, the feel of fabrics, the resistance of biomedical devices to bacteria, the speed of computer hard disks, and even the wear of car brake pads are all governed by their surface properties. The fabrication of such surfaces requires the incorporation of specific functional groups; for which there exists no shortage of potential methods including: self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), Langmuir-Blodgett films, dip-coating, grafting, chemical vapour deposition, to name just a few. However such techniques suffer from drawbacks including substrate-specificity (cannot be easily adapted to different materials or geometries) and environmental concerns associated with the utilization of solvents, strong acid / base media, or heat. Plasma surface functionalization is a promising alternative which offers a wide range of benefits including low energy consumption, absence of solvents, minimal waste, rapid treatment times, scalability, and ambient processing temperatures. The molecular tailoring of solid surfaces will be described including super-repellency, non-fouling, thermo responsive, rewritable, opto-chiral, antibacterial, capture and release, and nano-actuation. The application of this research has led to 37 patent families and the establishment of 3 successful start-up companies (Surface Innovations Ltd, Dow Corning Plasma Ltd, and P2i Ltd).
Coffee Break 10:45-11:00 @ Foyer
- Track 1: Materials Science and Engineering
Chair
Wei Pan
Tsinghua University, China
Co-Chair
Rahul Basu
Sambhram Institute of Technology (SAIT), India
Session Introduction
Wei Pan
Tsinghua University, China
Title: Promising thermal barrier coating candidates for next generation gas turbine
Time : 11:00-11:20
Biography:
Wei Pan is a professor and director of the State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing at Tsinghua University, China. Pan has published more than 170 papers on the journals of Phys. Rev. Lett., Phys. Rew. B, Appl. Phys. Lett., Adv. Mater., Chem. Mater., J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Acta Mater. etc. Pan is a member of the standing-committee of the Chinese Ceramic Society and member of the editorial board of several international journals. He is also the Fellow of the School of Engineering at the University of Tokyo.
Abstract:
Increasing thermal efficiency and lower emissions require gas turbine designers to further increase the combustion temperature that leads to the high temperature components such as combustion chambers, blade and vanes surfaces face more rigorous conditions. Therefore, there is urgent demand to develop new ceramic coatings with even lower thermal conductivity, higher stability and durability than currently used thermal barrier coatings coating on the surface of high temperature alloy components. In this presentation, we introduce new class of refractory ceramics as candidate materials for thermal barrier coatings, including the structure design, the rule of introducing defects in the crystal structure to further decrease the thermal conductivity, and to increase the structure stability at high temperature; the idea for suppress of heat transfer at the high temperature by irradiation; the synthesis process and thermal properties. The mechanical properties at ambient and elevated temperature are also reported.
Pavel Podany
COMTES FHT a.s., Czech Republic
Title: Effect of heat treatment on precipitation behaviour of intermetallic phases in duplex steel
Time : 11:40-12:00
Biography:
Pavel Podany was born in 1979 in Pilsen – Czech Republic. He achieved master degree in Materials Science in 2004 on University of West Bohemia in Czech Republic (Europe) and achieved Ph.D. in same field on 2011. He works in COMTES FHT (private research company) from 2007. He is a head of Department of Materials Analysis and head of accredited testing laboratory. He is an author and co-author of more than 20 papers published on international conferences and scientific journals.
Abstract:
The precipitation of intermetallics at grain boundaries occurs when duplex stainless steel is exposed in some temperature ranges. For example, heat treatment between 500 – 1000 °C can cause the formation of a friable sigma phase in duplex stainless steel. The effects of the annealing temperature on the microstructure were investigated by means of dilatometric measurements, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and EBSD. The analyses describe the precipitation kinetics of sigma and other intermetallic phases in particular grade of duplex steel, which is necessary to know to avoid decreasing of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties which are strictly connected to presence of intermetallics in the microstructure.
Michal Burchis Schwartz
S.C Laromet S.A, Romania
Title: Failure of an Inconel 718 die used in production of hot copper direct extrusion
Time : 12:00-12:20
Biography:
Michal Schwartz has completed her BA with cum laude, in materials engineering specializing in electronic materials and metals at Ben Gurion University in Israel. In 2003 graduated her MSc in electrical engineering (Physical Electronics) in the University of Tel Aviv in Israel. This year 2015 she will complete her PhD in materials engineering in the field of metallurgy at the Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania. From 1996 she filled roles in engineering and High level management in the filed of nanotechnology at Intel (IDC), Tower Semiconductor and Zoran Cooperation. Michal Schwartz invented patents in communication and media in the United States. Recently she has published several papers in reputed journals in the field of metallurgy, extrusion and special metals. Today she is a consultant and give guides to enterprises in the field of metallurgy (castings, extrusion & drawing), and management in Europe, including Trip Materials Inc, Switzerland and S.C Laromet S.A, Romania
Abstract:
Steel dies used in copper hot extrusion failed after several extrusion 2-5 tons - during the process of extrusion the die is subjected to high temperatures and stresses and the die failed mainly by plastic deformation. Industry considers new die materials, such as Inconel 718. In this research it was shown that during production using an Inconel 718 die one can extrude 8 times more material (approx. 40 tons). After the extrusion of 40 tons of copper small cracks and plastic deformation on die aperture are seen. The die was discarded and used to investigate die failure mechanisms. By using different investigation methods (optic and scanning electron microscopy, hardness and microhardness tests) microstructure changes were observed.
Nehal Ali Erfan Abdelwahab
East Carolina university, USA
Title: Characterization of magnetic glass ceramics derived from iron oxides bearing rolling mill scales wastes
Time : 13:45-14:00
Biography:
Ms.Nehal Abdelwahab has completed her Master degree at the age of 26 years from Minia University in Egypt. She spent two years working for her PhD in the national research center in Cairo and now she is completing her PhD study in East Carolina University.
Abstract:
The objective of the present investigation is to study the feasibility of conversion of steel rolling mill scales into soft and hard magnetic glass ceramics. Up to 5% of steel is lost with the scale during hot rolling operation. This waste contains 69-72% of iron in the form of oxides. However, its recycling is challenging due to the presence of up to 20% of oil and 10% of water. To synthesize soft magnetic glass ceramics (SMGC) and hard magnetic glass ceramics (HMGC), 65wt% and 37wt% respectively of rolling scales waste (RSW) were used. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) revealed two broad exothermic peaks in SMGC samples at 90ºC and 639ºC and, one peak at 516ºC for HMGC. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the major detectable peaks belong to Zn-ferrite (ZnFe2O4) and Hematite (Fe2O3) for SMGC. Alternatively, Ba-hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) and Fe2O3 are the detected phases in HMGC samples. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed crystallization of nanosize particles for SMGC (131-166 nm) and HMGC (24-34 nm) after heat treatment. Vibrating scanning magnetometer revealed an increase in saturation magnetization from 18emu/g for RSW to 66 emu/g for SMGC and 19emu/g for HMGC. Using rolling mill scales waste we were able to synthesize soft and hard magnetic glass ceramics with magnetic phase content of 72.2 wt%, exceeding the theoretical amount of 45 wt%.
Reza Rahemi
University of British Columbia, Canada
Title: A theoretical framework for predicting the temperature variation of the properties of metals established on a feasible electronic basis
Time : 14:00-14:15
Biography:
Reza Rahemi joined NOVE TECH in British Columbia in 2015 as a Consulting and Research Engineer. His research interests span theoretical and computational mechanics and physics of materials. He has been actively involved in many research projects at various institutions in Canada, supported by NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada) and has recently published a theoretical model as a basis to help understand the temperature dependence of material properties.
Abstract:
Material properties are affected by temperature. In metals, this variation may be realized as the change in their electronic structures and hence their electron work function. In this article, a simple model is proposed to correlate the work function of metals with temperature. This model, when applied to work function related properties (e.g. Mechanical properties), can explain and predict their variation with temperature. As a sample application, the established relationship is applied to determine the dependence of the Young’s modulus (E) of metals on temperature, which results in an expression for E (T). Another important application of this relationship is to predict the temperature dependence of positron yield from metal surfaces, which is also a property related to the work function. Critical temperatures at which the positron yield from metal surfaces are maxima, are also predicted based on this model. The consistency of the proposed models with experimental observations and the universality of these results have been verified. Portions of these results have been published in R. Rahemi and D.Y. Li, Scripta Materialia 99 (2015) 41–44.
Shishay Amare Gebremeskel
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
Title: Effect of high impact loading on nanoclay reinforced polypropylene
Time : 14:15-14:30
Biography:
Shishay Amare Gebremeskel has completed his BSc degree in Mechanical Engineering in 2008 and his MTech degree in Manufacturing Engineering in 2010 at ages of 22 and 24 respectively. He has two years of teaching experience as Lecturer at Bahir-Dar University in Ethiopia. He is now a 2012 entry PhD research scholar at Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD) under the guidance of Prof. Naresh Bhatnagar in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. So far, he has published three international journal papers.
Abstract:
Except for a few attempts to show the high impact load effect, the difference in level of contribution of nanoclay on polymers at their quasi-static and dynamic mechanical behaviors is a lacuna in the available literature. Quasi-static and dynamic responses of a high impact copolymer polypropylene (PP) in its neat and nanoclay-filled forms are presented in this study. The study helped in percentage quantification of differences in nanoclay effect, imposed by the very nature of loadings. The PP-nanoclay nanocomposite (PP+5wt%nc) is prepared by melt compounding of 5wt% nanoclay (nc) with PP using twin screw extruder. Tensile specimens for UTM were prepared using injection molding machine. Dynamic loading specimens were made for Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) using an extruded sheet. The experiments were performed at strain rates of 10-2 s-1 and 2.2*104s-1 for quasi-static and dynamic loadings respectively. As a result, the contribution of 5wt% nanoclay on PP at quasi-static loading is shown to be 2.6%, 10.8% and 13% on Yield stress, Young’s modulus and toughness, respectively. However, significantly different results are observed after dynamic loading experiments. Intense improving contributions of 506% and 53% in impact modulus and impact toughness respectively are observed. While, minor reduction (3.5%) in plateau (Yield) stress is experienced in the case of dynamic impact loading.
Manorama Lakhe
savitribai Phule Pune University, India
Title: Low-temperature heat treatment (80°C) effect on the electrochemically synthesized CuInTe¬2 thin films for energy harvesting applications
Time : 14:30-14:45
Biography:
Lakhe M G is working as a PhD student under the guidance of Dr. N. B. Chaure in Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University since 2010. The title of her thesis is “Studies on ternary and quaternary semiconducting thin films and their solar cell applicationsâ€. Also she is working on heterojunction thin film solar cells consisting CuInTe2 and Cu2ZnSnS4 as an absorber layers and CdS as a emitter/buffer layer. For growth of both type of materials, low cost electrodeposition and chemical bath deposition techniques are used respectively. Conditions have been optimized for both superstrate and substrate configuration of solar cells. She has also published one paper in international journal of Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells and one has been submitted to Journal of Materials Chemistry and Physics and which is under review.
Abstract:
We have investigated the effect of low-temperature (80°C) heat treatment onto CuInTe2 (CIT) thin films prepared by one-step electrochemical synthesis technique. Aqueous precursor solution consisting ionic species of Cu, In and Te with pH 4.0 was used to optimize the deposition potential using cyclic voltammetry (CV). A conventional three-electrode geometry consisting working, reference and counter electrodes was used for the potentiostatic electro-deposition of CIT films onto CdS substrate. CdS layers were deposited onto fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) conducting substrates by chemical bath deposition technique. The structural, optical, morphological, compositional, and transport properties were studied with the aid of XRD, Raman, HR-TEM, UV-Visible, FESEM, EDAX and I-V and C-V measurements. As-deposited samples were amorphous in nature, however upon heat treatment at 80°C for 30 minutes, the highly crystalline CIT thin films with tetragonal crystal structure were revealed. The values of energy band gap of the film deposited at -0.7 and -0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl was estimated to be in the range 1.02 to 1.08 eV. Compact, uniform, void free and well adherent films were deposited at -0.7 and -0.8 V. As the samples were heat treated at 80oC for 30 minutes therefore not much visible change in the surface morphology was observed after heat treatment. In-rich films were electrodeposited for above potentials, however after heat treatment sample deposited at -0.8 V showed the stoichiometric composition. Non-ohmic, schottky diodes are formed with Au metal contact in all cases. The dark current in I-V measurement was found to be increased by twoorders of magnitude after heat treatment. This low-temperature heat treatmentis advantageous for the fabrication of low temperature CIT based solar cell devices onto flexible substrates.
Bingbing LI
Central Michigan University, USA
Title: Hybrid fibers with substantial filler contents through kinetically arrested phase separation of liquid jet
Biography:
Dr. Bingbing Li (PhD, Virginia Tech) is an Associate Professor of Chemistry at Central Michigan University and an affiliate faculty of the Indiana University Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine IUCRBM) at Indianapolis. Dr. Li did postdoctoral research in the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and later appointed as a research associate and a Research Assistant Professor at the IUCRBM. She has published more than 20 papers on well-reputed journals and served as a reviewer for NSF panels, Biomacromolecules, Chemical Communications, Langmuir, Macromolecular Bioscience, Soft Matter, the Journal of Chemical Physics, etc.
Abstract:
Polymeric materials of structural hierarchy and compositional heterogeneity have attracted wide interest for their potential applications as biomaterials, energy storage devices, and surface coatings. Electrospinning, a simple yet versatile technique, has great potential for developing such materials by controlling the electrospinning process under non-equilibrium conditions. In this study, poly(ï¥-caprolactone)(PCL)/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (1-propylmethacrylate)-heptaisobutyl substituted (m-iBuPOSS) hybrid fibers with interesting nanopapilla and wrinkled surface features were successfully electrospun from 10:0 to 5:5 by mass PCL/m-iBuPOSS solutions. It is worth mentioning that uniform POSS-filled fibers have been previously reported for only low loadings of POSS as traditional nanofillers. In contrast, this study reports, for the first time, hybrid fibers with substantial POSS loadings up to 50 wt%. The low-surface-energy m-iBuPOSS was used as an essential modulator for the phase separation of the liquid jet along the radial direction. The m-iBuPOSS surface segregation was coupled with rapid solvent evaporation that “froze†PCL chains in the outmost layer prior to drying of the inner phase, which eventually gave rise to a unique fiber architecture composed of a POSS-rich composite crust and a PCL-rich inner phase. When the POSS-rich crust was removed with hexane, the fiber architecture was clearly revealed through a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). This study provides new insight into the effect of rapid solvent evaporation coupled with surface-directed phase separation in the liquid jet and its implications on designing novel heterogeneous materials.
Subhamita Chakraborty
Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, India
Title: Finite volume method for temperature distribution of steel strip in run out table
Biography:
Subhamita Chakraborty completed her Bachelor of technology in Information Technology in the year 2006. She completed her master degree in material science & Engineering from Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur. At present she is pursuing her PhD in Metallurgy and Materials Engineering department from Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, India. She is awarded Senior Research Fellowship (SRF) from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India.
Abstract:
Under controlled cooling condition, low temperature transformed product of austenite draws much attention in manufacturing high strength steel in hot strip mill. In almost all hot strip rolling mills, controlled cooling after finish rolling of the steel strip takes place on cooling section. Emerging from last finish stand mill, the hot strip is subjected to spraying water by a number of headers placed at regular intervals along the length of the run out table (ROT). During the cooling process, the heat of strip surface is quickly transferred to spraying water/air and the heat of inner strip is conducted to the surface. Then, strip temperature is gradually decreased to the target coiling temperature. The reliable prediction of temperature profile is essential in order to accesses the evolution of microstructure at different location of steel strip. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the agreement between the calculated and the experimentally determined temperature profile. Finite Volume Method (FVM) is used to predict temperature distribution of the steel strip in Run–Out-Table (ROT) of the hot strip mill. FVM enforces conservation of mass, momentum and energy using the control volume concept leading to enhanced accuracy of the prediction. The cooling behavior of the strip in ROT is studied using the two-dimensional heat distribution equation. where T is temperature, k is thermal conductivity, Ï is density, cp is specific heat, t is time, x is the coordinate along the length and y is the coordinate along the strip thickness. For modelling purpose, the total length of ROT is divided into three different zones including inlet region, water jet cooling region and outlet region. At inlet and outlet region, the strip is cooled in air, while at jet cooling region strip is cooled by water jet. Heat transfer equation (1) is solved using finite volume method in cell centered approach. The temperature distribution of the small portion of the strip in ROT is simulated. The predicted temperature distribution profile of the strip in ROT is compared with experimentally determined temperature profile of the strip. Excellent agreement has been observed between predicted and experimental temperature profile.
Yaser Rihan
Atomic Energy Authority, Hot Lab. Center, Egypt
Title: Finite element analysis for optimal design of filament wound composite tubes
Biography:
Dr. Yaser Rihan is working in the Atomic Energy Authority, Hot lab at Egypt
Abstract:
Filament wound composite tubes can be used for making high-pressure storage tanks, rocket motor cases, and launch tubes, and for commercial applications, such as golf club shafts and fishing rods. A variety of fibers and resin can be used, depending on the cost and the level of performance needed. This paper presents the results of a mathematical modeling investigation into the behavior of the filament wound composite tubes subjected to various loading conditions. Filament wound tubes were modeled as multi layered orthotropic tubes and several analyses were performed on these tubes by using finite element method (FEM). Three types of fiber epoxy tubes with different wind angles, level of orthotropy and various ratios of the loading conditions were produced and tested for the behavior of filament wound composite tubes. The required data were obtained for the design of filament wound composite tubes under combined loading. The mathematical model used was validated using experimental data obtained from filament wound tube tests in previous studies.
Thi May Do
Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea
Title: Magnetite coated metallic foams as electro-Fenton catalysts for Methylene Blue degradation
Biography:
Thi May Do completed her MSc at the age of 26 years from Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) and Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Korea . She is currently a Phd candidate majored in Nanomaterials Science and Engineering at Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) and Korea Institute of Science and Technology. Her research deals with removal of organic pollutants from water using nanomaterials.
Abstract:
The possibility of prepared one-body catalyst was investigated for electro-Fenton reaction by coating magnetite nanoparticles powder on FeCrAl foams. Up to 10 wt% magnetite could be coated onto metal foams with strong enough adhesion. An electro-Fenton system with a magnetite nanoparticles washcoated FeCrAl foam as cathode and graphite as anode was successfully applied for the discoloration of methylene blue in aqueous solution for the first time. The effects of pH, applied voltage, supporting electrolyte, electrode inner space, and catalyst dosages were investigated and optimized. Using this cathode, methylene blue was removed with > 99.8% removal rate at 10 ppm after 60 min and with > 95.2% at 50 ppm after 120 min of reaction. Furthermore, those cathodes could be reused at least three times without performance degradation. Due to high degradation capability, simple recovery and high reusability, magnetite nanoparticles washcoated metal foams can be an effective cathode of electro-Fenton systems for the abatement of dyes in wastewater.
Elza Khutsishvili
Ferdinand Tavadze Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Georgia
Title: Peculiarities of absorption near the edge of the fundamental band of irradiated InAs-InP solid solutions
Biography:
Elza Khutsishvili has completed her PhD at the age of 31 years from Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (TSU), Georgia. She is the scientist of Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials, Ferdinand Tavadze Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science and the Principal research worker of Institute of Materials Research of TSU. She has published more than 89 works in reputed journals.
Abstract:
There have been studied the dependence of the optical absorption coef¬ficient (k) vs photon energy (hν) in the long wavelength area of fundamental absorption edge for InP, InAs and InAs-InP solid solutions crystals before and after irradiation by electrons and fast neutrons. The investigations of optical properties in temperature range of (50-300) K and (1-50) mkm spectral area were carried out on infrared spectrophotometers. Radiation flow of fast neutrons was equal to 2•1018 neutron/cm2 and .electrons with 1MeV, 3 MeV, 50 MeV up to fluxes of 6•1017electron/cm2. Low temperature experiments were performed with application of liquid helium and nitrogen in the special cryostats for measurements of optical properties of experimental samples. Indicated phenomenon takes place at high and low temperatures as well at impurity different concentration and practically in all cases of irradiation by various energy electrons and fast neutrons. Earlier by different authors there have been shown, that noticeable phenomenon has quite common character in great number of ionic and typical semiconductor materials. We have developed the common mechanism of this phenomenon for un-irradiated semiconductors and implemented the quantitative calculations of distinctive parameter (E0), those are in a satisfactory agreement with experimental data. For the irradiated crystals picture get complicated and there takes place dependence: for un-irradiated and irradiated by electrons crystals, but for irradiation by huge flows of fast neutrons n≠1. Some processes are described when n=2. It has been shown, that in the case of InP, irradiated with electrons (Ф=1•1017el/cm2), the curve of optical absorption is shifted to lower energies. This is caused by appearance of the tails of density of states in forbidden band due to local fluctuations of ionized impurity (defect) concentration. Situation is more complicated in the case of InAs and for solid solutions with composition near to InAs when besides noticeable phenomenon there takes place Burstein effect caused by increase of electrons concentration as a result of radiation. We have shown, that in certain conditions it is possible the prevalence of Burstein effect. This causes the opposite effect: the shift of the optical absorption edge to higher energies. So in given solid solutions there take place two different opposite directed processes. By selection of solid solutions composition and doping impurity we obtained such InPxAs1-x, solid solution in which under radiation mutual compensation of optical absorption curves displacement occurs. Obtained result let create on the base of InPxAs1-x, solid solution radiation-resistant optical materials, which one of the basic characteristics- the long wavelength part of the fundamental optical absorption edge- does not change noticeably under hard irradiation.
Hassan SAMADI
National School of Applied Sciences, Morocco
Title: Homogenization of a fibred structure with a condition on the interface matrix-fibre
Biography:
Hassan Samadi received the Ph.D. degree in Applied Mathematics from the University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France, in 1996. Since 2001, he joined the National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier (ENSAT), Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco, as a Professor-Researcher, where he is also a member of the Research Committee and a Permanent member of Technologies of Information and Communication research laboratory. Ex- Head of Systems of Information and Communication Department at ENSAT. He has taught many courses related to Applied Mathematics, Operational Research, and Tools facilitating decision making. He has supervised many thesis of Ph.D. and Master of Engineering students. He is the author and co-author of many technical papers published in international journals like: R.Acad.Sci.Paris, C.R.Math.Rep.Acad.Sci.Canada, International Journal of Engineering Science, Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, Mathematik und PhysiK, ZAMP , Wireless Pers Commun, IJCA. His research interests include: Operational Research and Tools facilitating decision making, elecommunication Systems Modelling,Partial Differential Equations, Problems for linear and non-linear boundary, Homogenization and Reinforcement problems.
Abstract:
Abstracts in this work, One consider the homogenization of a non linear problem in a fibred structure medium with a condition on the interface matrix fibre depending on a parameter λ=λ (ε) who tends towards 0 or +∞. ε is the size of the basic cell intended to tend towards 0. This parameter can represent several physical situations; interfacial coefficient of conduction between fibre and matrix when one deals with a thermal problem, viscosity coefficient in a problem of joining to component not perfectly stuck,…etc
Rahul Basu
Sambhram Institute of Technology (SAIT), India
Title: Perturbation analysis of the solidification problem for a sphere in porous media
Time : 11:20-11:40
Biography:
Prof Rahul Basu obtained his Engineering degrees from California Institute of Technology and UCLA, Los Angeles in Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering. As a Scientist at Gas Turbine Research Establishment he has obtained several patents on joining processes for superalloys, ( the first in Gas Turbine Research Est, India) and has more than 40 refereed papers to his credit. He has also visited NCSU, RTP, NC USA on leave as a Teaching Fellow and took research courses in Heat transfer and cleared the PhD requirements. He was awarded a PhD by Eurotech on the basis of collected works before returning to India. After 30 years service to GTRE, he joined VTU as a Professor. This work is an outcome of his current research on exact solutions to coupled diffusion equations.
Abstract:
The moving boundary problem for solidification and melting is of interest to many fields. Carslaw and Jaeger claim only certain solutions known for certain geometries, and it is difficult to find exact solutions for general the case. The moving heat source melting is treated with various transformations together with a decoupling for the heat and mass transfer terms. Some of the earlier works on the interface boundary are by Mullins Sekerka, and Pedroso Domoto. The classic work of Mullins Sekerka dealt with a perturbation analysis of the moving phase interface. Very little published work has appeared on the overall stability of the solid liquid interface in relation to the diffusive field with imposed convective boundary conditions. The classic problem known as the Stefan problem, was formulated over 100 years ago, yet the convective and radiative boundary condition case remains unsolved. In this paper the coupled diffusive heat and mass transfer equations in porous media are solved for convective boundary condition, both by perturbation methods and exact methods. A stability criterion is derived for the moving interface in the convective case, with appropriate linearisations.
Jing Feng
Kunming University of Science and Technology, Republic of China
Title: High temperature phase transformation and the mechanism in YTaO4
Time : 12:20-12:40
Biography:
Dr. Jing Feng has completed his PhD in Materials Scienece at the age of 27 years from Kunming University of Science and Technolgy & Tsinghua University in China. He is a postdoc fellow and research associate in Harvard University at 2012- 2015. He is the director of Lab of advanced materials in designing and application of Kunming University of Science and Technolgy. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals and has been cited more than 1000 times
Abstract:
High temperature phase transformation and the mechanism in YTaO4 ceramics as potential thermal barrier coatings material is investigated by experiments and first principles calculation. High temperature in-situ XRD and Raman were indentified the phase transformation of yttrium tantalate. HRTEM showed the microstructure of phase transformation between monoclinic phase and tetragonal phase. The mechanism of phase transformation was discussed by the first principles canlualtion combined the Landau free energy expansion. Calculations of Gibbs free energies show that the phase transformation temperature at 1430 oC, close to the experimental value of 1426 +/- 7 oC. Landau free energy expansions demonstrate that the transition is second order and, based on the fitting to experimental and calculated lattice parameters, it is found that the transition is a proper rather than a pseudoproper type. Together these finding are consistent with the transition being ferroelastic.
Luca Masi
Granta Design, UK
Title: A visual method for systematic multi-objective material selection in engineering design
Time : 12:40-13:00
Biography:
Luca Masi is an Aerospace Engineer working at Granta Design as Development Manager. He has previously collaborated with the French Space Agency on software development for bio-inspired space trajectory optimization and on computational techniques for engineering decision-making at the Advanced Space Concepts Laboratory, University of Strathclyde (UK). He is author of chapters for AIAA and IEEE books and journals on these subjects. He also has R&D experience in spacecraft propulsion systems. Luca holds an MSc in Space Engineering with top grade and a BSc in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Pisa (Italy), and is completing a PhD in computational techniques for aerospace engineering applications.
Abstract:
This talk will present a visual method for material selection when conflicting objectives are present, e.g. minimizing mass or cost and maximizing performance. Based on Ashby's rational selection methodology, the CES Selector tool allows engineers and materials scientists to find performance indices, plot interactive material charts and quickly identify the Pareto Front in a bi-objective optimization problem or tackle multi-objective selection by plotting penalty functions. Composite materials created with the embedded Hybrid Synthesizer or your own experimental data can be added to the existing database and easily be compared to existing materials.
Reddappa H N
Bangalore Institute of Technology, India
Title: Mechanical properties and microstructural analysis of Al6061-red mud composites
Biography:
Dr. H N Reddappa has completed his PhD at the age of 41 years from Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum, Karnataka, India. He is working as Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India. He has published more than 27 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute and guiding 3 Ph.D research scholars. He has attended 44 workshops/conferences both in India and Abroad also. He has visited countries like Malaysia & China for the presentation of his research papers in various International conferences. Presently he is working as coordinator for Students Project Program (SPP) of Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of Karnataka. Also guided more than 10 projects (B.E.) in different Engineering colleges where he has worked so far.
Abstract:
The mechanical properties and morphological analysis of Al6061-Red mud particulate composites was investigated. The compositions of the composite include a matrix of Al6061 and the red mud particles of 53-75 micron size as reinforcement ranging from 0% to 12% at an interval of 2%. Stir casting technique was used to fabricate Al6061-Red mud composites. Density measurement, estimation of percentage porosity, tensile properties, fracture toughness, hardness value, impact energy, percentage elongation and percentage reduction in area. Further, the microstructures and SEM examinations were investigated to characterize the composites produced. The result shows that a uniform dispersion of the red mud particles along the grain boundaries of the Al6061 alloy. The tensile strength and hardness values increases with the addition of Red mud particles, but there is a slight decrease in the impact energy values, values of percentage elongation and percentage reduction in area as the reinforcement increases. From these results of investigation, we concluded that the red mud, an industrial waste can be used to enhance the properties of Al6061 alloy for engineering applications.
Biography:
Alali Abdullah has an MSc degree in International Management from University of Liverpool, UK and a bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering from King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia. He is a senior mechanical specialist engineer with total of 12 years of experience in Oil and Gas industry.
Abstract:
The paper presents one an experience in utilizing thermal spray coating technology on top of weld build-up of CS pressure vessel eroded shell. The vessel is under lethal service and had severe erosion on some of its internal surface of the shell. According to ASME PCC-2 (Repair of Pressure Equipment and Piping), Article 2.11, PWHT is required after retention of nominal wall thickness through weld build-up. However, heat treatment of this vessel was infeasible due to stability analysis results that show instability of the column during heat treatment. Therefore, thermal spray coating was used as a substitute to PWHT.
- 14:45-15:45: Symposium: Materials surface analysis by Luisa Amelia Dempere, University of Florida, USA
- Track 4: Mining and Metallurgy
Track 5: Surface Science and Engineering
Chair
Junhua Dong
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Session Introduction
Junhua Dong
Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Title: Atmospheric corrosion monitoring and modeling of a low alloy steel under an electrolyte film in cyclic wet–dry condition
Time : 15:45-16:05
Biography:
Junhua Dong is a Research Professor at the Institute of Metal research, CAS China. He authored numerous publications in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and film thickness measurements have been employed to study the atmospheric corrosion monitoring of steel under an electrolyte film containing Cl- and SO32- in wet–dry cycles simulating a coastal-industrial atmosphere. The results indicate that within each cycle, the solution resistance during drying process first decreases dominated by an increase in Cl- and SO32- concentrations and then increases dominated by the decrease in cross sectional area of the electrolyte film, the critical thickness for the minimum resistance is around 65ïm. The corrosion rate (Rp-1) keeps increase to a maximum around the thickness of 30ïm and then decreases until thinning out of the electrolyte. The increase in corrosion rate can be ascribed to an enhancement of oxygen diffusion with the thickness reducing, while the decrease is considered to be caused by the quick increase of the solution resistance. As corrosion process proceeds, the corrosion rate increases greatly and reaches a maximum. During subsequent corrosion stage, the corrosion rate decreases greatly and keeps at a low value due to the formation of a stable rust layer. For each wet-dry cycle, the mean corrosion rate is calculated by the mean values theorem of integrals. Moreover, the corrosion weight loss with increasing wet-dry cycles is calculated with the same theorem, Stern – Geary Equation and Faraday law. The modelling result based on EIS monitoring shows a good agreement with the simulated wet-dry corrosion test result.
Hisaki Watari
Tokyo Denki University, Japan
Title: Hot forging of high-Aluminum content Magnesium alloys by using a servo press
Time : 16:05-16:25
Biography:
Hisaki Watari has received his PhD in Mechanical System Engineering, from Gunma University, Japan in 2006. He has been researching into properties of magnesium alloy by rapid cooling by using twin roll casting in these fifteen years in Gunma University and Oyama National Colleague of Technology in Japan, in UMIST in the UK. He is now the chair of the Japan Association of Aluminum Forging Technology. He has published more than 130 papers in journals and conducting works relating metal forming of light metals, such as aluminum and magnesium alloys.
Abstract:
This paper deals with an innovative hot-forging process of high-tensile-strength magnesium alloy materials that contains relatively high aluminum contents. By applying a servo press machine, a novel hot-forging process was performed with development of high-strength magnesium alloys. Firstly, friction properties and isothermal deformation resistance during hot forming (350℃ and 400℃) of Mg-Al-Ca-Mn series magnesium alloy (AXM4303 alloy) were investigated by ring-compression tests. In ring-compression tests, friction coefficients between dies and magnesium alloys are obtained using graphite, PTFE, and an oil lubricant. A novel lubricant that could prevent sticking between dies and material was developed by hot-forging experiments.
Secondary, high-tensile-strength magnesium alloys containing 9 to 12% aluminum, such as AZ91, AZ101, AZ111, and AZ121 have been made by twin-roll casting. A new experiment was performed for hot forging of high-strength magnesium alloys with high aluminum content was performed. From the results, using magnesium alloys with high aluminum content yielded less compressive deformation resistance than AXM403. It was also demonstrated that hot forging of magnesium alloys with high aluminum content produces small magnesium crystals (about 6 micrometers) and crystallized substances. The effects of the dynamic recrystallization on the microstructures of products formed at two different temperatures (300℃ and 350℃) seem to differ. Forging at 350℃ improved mechanical properties and yielded the best formability.
Michal Duchek
COMTES FHT, Czech Republic
Title: The development of thermomechanical treatment of duplex steel
Time : 16:40-17:00
Biography:
Michal Duchek earned his Master's degree from the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen in 2006. Since that year, he has been a researcher in the department of metallurgical technology and heat treatment of the company COMTES FHT. He authored several research papers and utility designs.
Abstract:
The thermomechanical treatment of SAF 2507 duplex steel is sensitive to many influences especially temperature and cooling rate. The thermomechanical treatment of these steels during the forging is described in this article; in this case the process is focused on controlled precipitation of sigma phase. The forging technologies of two different semi-products were performed using numeric simulation. The cooling rate mainly influencing the final microstructure was observed in two defined points of the forged parts. The technological processes were measured by dilatometry measuring which helped optimizing the whole process. The final process was verified by experimental forging on the forging press.
Muhammad Nurdin
Universitas Halu Oleo, Indonesia
Title: TiO2 mineral from Ilmenite : Development of extraction method and its characterization
Time : 17:00-17:20
Biography:
Muhammad Nurdin has completed his PhD at the University of Indonesia, Jakarta and Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan (Sandwich Program). He is the head of Photocatalyst Laboratory at the Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a Commissioner of Environmental Impact Analysis of the Province of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Abstract:
Study on mineral characterization and TiO2 extraction by leaching method using H2SO4 on iron sand of Tapunggaya–Southeast Sulawesi has been conducted. Results of initial testing using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Flouresence (XRF) on sample of Tapunggaya iron sand showed that there were 4 major compounds namely Fe2O3, TiO2, MgO, and SiO2 in the mineral. TiO2 extraction was conducted using sulphate method, by reacting milled iron sand with sulfuric acid at high temperatures (>110°C) for ± 30 minutes. Titanium extract was then heated at a temperature of 90°C to precipitate TiO2. The precipitate was obtained by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes to solidify the precipitate and separate from the liquid phase of H2O and the remaining sulfuric acid. Subsequently, the extract was calcined for ±7 hours at temperature of 500oC and 1000oC to obtain TiO2 anatase and rutile then purified with HCl and HNO3. XRD and XRF characterization results showed the obtained TiO2 extract containing anatase of 8.97% (70.3°; 1.337 Å) and rutile of 19.78% (54.2°; 1.699 Å).
Atinuke Oladoye
Dublin City University, Ireland
Title: Optimisation of pack chromising process for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell bipolar plate applications
Time : 17:20-17:35
Biography:
Atinuke Oladoye is a doctoral student at the School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Ireland. She holds a B.SC and M.SC in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering from the University of Lagos, Nigeria. Her research interest focuses on development and characterisation of surface coatings for corrosion protection as well as process optimisation via statistical modelling.
Abstract:
PEM fuel cells are clean power sources that possess the potential to improve global energy security and reduce greenhouse emissions if successfully commercialised for transportation, portable and distributed power generation. However, cost and durability of graphite bipolar plates is one of the major challenges hindering the widespread use of PEM fuel cells for such applications. Stainless steels are considered as candidate materials for replacement of graphite due to their low cost, light weight as well as amenability to low cost/high volume manufacturing processes such as stamping. Conversely, stainless steels corrode under the working conditions of PEM fuel cells resulting in performance degradation. In order to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steels various surface modification processes including pack chromising have been investigated using the one-factor-at-a-time method which are time consuming and capital intensive. In this study, Box–Behnken experimental design is employed to investigate the influence of process parameters on the thickness and corrosion resistance of chromised 304 stainless steel in a simulated PEM fuel cell environment. Coating thickness was measured using scanning electron microscope and corrosion resistance was evaluated by electrochemical polarisation in 0.5MH2SO4+2ppmHF at 70oC. The single and interaction effects of process parameters namely: activator content, temperature and time, as well as the optimal conditions to produce a coating with maximum corrosion resistance were examined. The results indicated that temperature and time were the most significant process parameters and that with proper choice of these parameters; chromised coatings which satisfy the requirements for bipolar plate’s application can be produced.
Lenka Techniková
Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic
Title: A comparison of two different principles of 3D surface reconstruction with regard to fabric defect detection
Time : 17:35-17:50
Biography:
Lenka Techniková has completed her Master degree in 2010 from Technical University of Liberec. Now she studies PhD in the same university and she is going to graduate in autumn 2015. She has published more than 6 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
This paper compares efficiency of two different methods for 3D fabric surface reconstruction with defects. Efficiency of the methods is evaluated according to the accuracy of 3D reconstruction, especially to detection of fabric defects and their respective characteristics. In this case, the defects of a fabric mean pills. Pills are small balls of entangled fibers on top of a fabric surface and they occur on every type of fabrics. Existing methods for pilling evaluation have tried to find an effective procedure for detection of pills in a fabric image. It is very important to obtain an accurate method for 3D surface reconstruction and subsequent detection of pills. In the present study, the tested methods differ in principle of creation of 3D surface. First method (method A) is called gradient filed method. In method A, the fabric is illuminated successively from four sides, one after another, to obtain a set of four images. The principle of this method is based on use of the shadows of pills from these four images. Subsequently, two gradient images of the fabric are estimated from the set of four images. A special algorithm reconstructs the fabric surface in 3D using just these two gradient images. Second method (method B) uses noncontact laser profilometry for 3D surface reconstruction. Instrument Talysurf CLI 500 was used to trace the surface fabrics and to reconstruct the profile of the fabric surface. Method B is more time consuming and expensive than method A. Results showed that the method A should be more reliable for this purpose.
Babatunde Abiodun Obadele
Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa
Title: Dry and wet sliding wear behaviours of laser-clad TiNiZrO2 coatings in 3.5% NaCl
Time : 17:50-18:05
Biography:
Babatunde A. Obadele will be completing his PhD later this year from the Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.
Abstract:
The wear behaviours of Ti6Al4V and laser-clad TiNIZrO2 composite coatings were studied by considering the effect of different applied loads (5, 15, 25 and 35 N) in dry and wet conditions. The studies were performed on a ball-on-disk tribometer. The microhardness of the clad layers was calculated. The surface morphology and the composition of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) respectively. The results show that TiNIZrO2 composite coatings exhibited high microhardness, low friction coefficient and high wear resistance compared with Ti6Al4V alloy under similar experimental conditions. The microstructural changes due to ZrO2 additions played a significant role in the wear performance of the laser-clad TiNi alloy.
Dongwei Wang
Southwest Jiaotong University, China
Title: Antibiotic release from implant surfaces using immobilized PLGA microspheres
Time : 18:05-18:20
Biography:
Dongwei Wang is a PhD student at School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, China. Her main interests include porous bone implants，drug delivery systems and surface modification.
Abstract:
Postoperative infections are a serious complication in the clinical applications of bone implants. Antibiotic release from the implant surfaces is a promising approach to address this problem. However, a general technique suitable for the incoproration and controlled release of various antibiotics from various implants has not been developed. Here, we report a versatile method for loading and releasing a variety of antibiotics from bone implants. Polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microspheres containing triclosan (an oil-soluble antibiotic) or gentamicin (a water-soluble antibiotic) were separately synthesized by solvent evaporation methods. The microspheres were surface-immobilized on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) discs by suspension in water, pipetting on the discs, and vacuum drying. Scanning electron microscopy and total organic content analysis showed that, ~85% of the microspheres remained attached to the disc surfaces even after immersion in phosphate buffered saline for 12 d. Triclosan-loaded PLGA microspheres gave a slow sustained in vitro release, while gentamicin-loaded PLGA microspheres showed initial burst release and a subsequent slow release. After co-culture with E. coli or S. aureus for 24 h, discs carrying triclosan- or gentamicin-loaded PLGA microspheres produced clear inhibition zones, indicating antibacterial activities. This simple method can be applied to a variety of drugs, substrates, and microsphere materials. For example, ciprofloxacin-loaded PLGA microspheres were also successfully immobilized on hydroxyapatite-coated titanium surfaces by this method, and in vitro bacterial culture tests confimred that the resulting samples had antibacterial properties.
Olawale Fatoba
Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa
Title: Improved corrosion and wear resistance of laser alloyed Al-Sn coatings on UNS G10150 steel in acidic environment: Artificial neural model approach
Biography:
FATOBA is currently a PhD researcher rounding up his doctorate degree at Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa. He holds B.S (Mechanical Engineering) degree and M.S degrees in Mechanical Engineering & Metallurgical and Materials Engineering. My research work is on Laser Based Surface Engineering of Steels for Enhanced Service Performance as well as process optimization via Artificial Neural Network, Genetic Algorithm, Finite Element Method, Taguchi and Response Surface Models. My research experience has culminated in publications of over 15 articles in peer-reviewed Journals and several oral presentations in both local and international conferences.
Abstract:
Surface deterioration by corrosion is one of the complications associated with ageing facilities and components especially under some service environments. The research work examines the corrosion behaviour of laser alloyed UNS-G10150 steel; coatings have been obtained by laser surface alloying technique. Binary combinations of Al/Sn metallic powders were mixed and injected onto the surface of UNSG10150 mild steel substrate under different laser processing parameters. The steel alloyed samples were cut to corrosion coupons, immersed in hydrochloric acid (1M HCl) solution at 280C using electrochemical and gravimetric techniques and investigated for its corrosion behaviour. The morphologies and microstructures of the developed coatings and uncoated samples were characterized by Optic Nikon Optical microscope (OPM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM/EDS). Moreover, X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to identify the phases present. The improved surface properties were attributed to the formation of new intermetallic and corrosion phases (Al3Sn9, Al5Sn6, AlSn(OH)6, Al2SnO4, Al5(OH)8Cl2.H2O, Sn3O(OH)2Cl4, Al4ClO4(OH)7) and fine eutectic microstructures. In addendum, Artificial Neural Network Model [ANN] was used for the optimization and modeling of the laser parameters since processing parameters played an important role in the quality of alloyed coating produced. Corresponding experimental results show a good qualitative conformity with the numerical model predictions.
Ilker Polatoglu
Celal Bayar University, Turkey
Title: Enhancement of sensing performance for electrochemical Tyrosinase biosensor by using magnetite nanomaterials
Biography:
He received his Master degree from Chemical Engineering Program at Izmir Institute of Technology in 2005. He started working as research assistant at this University from 2004 to 2012. During this experience he was also graduated from Chemical Engineering Program at this University with PhD degree in 2012. Since Semtember 2012, he has been working as Assistant Professor in Department of Bioengineering at Celal Bayar University. He is the Vice Chair of Bioengineering Department. His research interest is mainly electrochemical enzyme sensor and DNA biosensor.
Abstract:
The enzymatic biosensors show remarkable advantage with respect to spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques in order to determine the pesticide residue, phenolic compound and also GDO at low level. It is possible to detect the low level of analyte by enhancing the sensor signal. In this respect, the key factor is immobilization of enzyme to the appropriate support material. Recently magnetic nanomaterials are becoming the focus of researchers due to their special properties such as strong superparamagnetism, low toxicity and large surface area provides high enzyme loading. Some stabilizers (surfactants, metal nanoparticles and polymeric compounds) have been used to prevent aggregation of magnetic nanomaterials. Among them natural polymer “chitosan†possess several features including biodegradable, biocompatible, bioactive, nontoxic, film forming ability, physiological inertness and high mechanical strength. In this study, tyrosinase enzyme will be immobilized on magnetite (Fe3O4)-chitosan nanocomposite film. According to the preliminary data it is thought to be enhance the sensor signal, since Fe3O4 nanoparticles provide another pathway for electron transfer. The sensor components (chitosan film, Fe3O4 nanoparticles, Fe3O4 nanoparticle-chitosan support and tyrosinase-Fe3O4-chitosan nanobiocomposite film) will be characterized by AFM, FTIR and SEM to reliaze the surface morphology, binding mechanisms and surface image of each material respectively. The analytical performance of the developed sensor will be tested by using electrochemical measurement (cyclic voltometry and amperometry). Catechol will be used as substrate to monitor sensor signal (the electrochemical reduction of enzymatically produced product “o-quinones†to the catechol) as follows. catechol + tyrosinase (O2) ---> o-quinone + H2O (1) o-quinone + 2H+ +2e− ---> catechol (at electrode) (2)
Baris Kaynak
University of Leoben, Austria
Title: Molecular coating of molds and dies for polymer processing
Biography:
Baris Kaynak is a PhD student at the University of Leoben, Austria
Abstract:
The coatings of molds and dies in polymer industry, especially in extrusion and injection moulding sectors, have to fulfil several particular requirements. Coatings should primarily exhibit wear-reducing properties and anti-adhesive behaviour. These properties are required for many applications, and are also important to reduce demolding forces. Currently, the coating of tool surfaces is based on vacuum techniques such as physical vapour deposition, which is used to coat the metal surface with a thin inorganic layer (e.g. CrN and TiN) with a thickness in the micrometer range. However, vacuum processes are rather complex and costly procedures, and for purely inorganic coatings the generation of anti-adhesive effects is limited due to the high surface tension of such coatings. In this work, metallic tools are surface modified with various alkyl and perfluoroalkyl silanes from the liquid phase. In particular, these molecular coatings are investigated with respect to adhesive properties, durability and long-term stability. Tool steel surfaces are treated with acid (dilute HNO3) and corona discharges to create hydroxyl groups on the surface (“activationâ€). The modification of the metal surface is achieved by subsequent reaction of the surface hydroxyl groups with organosilanes. The characterization of the modified surfaces is performed by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurements. It is shown that the surface energy of steel surfaces can be reduced significantly by application of the organosilanes. Using physic-chemical methods, the thermal stability of the silane layers is studied at 290°C in order to evaluate the applicability of such coatings for molds and dies used in the processing of thermoplastics (e.g. PC and PA). The stability is examined as a function of the structure of the modifying organosilane, layer thickness, and absence / presence of oxygen during the ageing test. When appropriate molecular structures and application techniques are selected, anti-adhesive silane layers exhibit a surprising thermal stability which makes them suitable candidates for the coating of tool steel. Most important, a renewal of silane coatings can be done in a convenient process without employing critical or toxic chemicals. The results are discussed with respect to applications in polymer processing.
El-Sayed M. Sherif
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Title: Effect of sintering temperature on the corrosion behavior of aluminum-titanium carbide alloy in sodium chloride solutions
Biography:
Prof. Sherif has been appointed Professor in the Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM) at KSU. He assumed his duties in October 2008. Prior to joining KSU, Prof. Sherif has been holding a Professor position at the National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt. He has previously held the positions of Associate Professor, Researcher, Researcher Assistant, and Assistant Researcher at NRC from 1994 till 2002. On Feb. 2004 and for a complete year, he served as a Postdoctoral Fellow for Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea. Prof. Sherif also spent three other years (Sept. 2005 to Sept. 2008) as a Postdoctoral Fellow for the University of the Witwatersrand (WITS), Johannesburg, South Africa. Prof. Sherif has more than 90 ISI papers, a book chapter, and attended more than 20 international conferences.
Abstract:
A series of aluminum-titanium carbide (Al-TiC) alloys was manufactured using mechanical alloying technique at different sintering temperatures, namely 900, 1100, and 1300 ºC. The effect of sintering temperature on the corrosion of these alloys in 3.5% NaCl solutions was investigated using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, chronoamperometric current-time, open-circuit potential, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The surface of the alloys after their corrosion in the test solution was investigated using scanning electron microscopy investigations. All results were consistent with each other and confirmed clearly that the corrosion resistance of Al alloys decreased with increasing the sintering temperature.
Nazarov Shuhratjon
University of Lille, France
Title: Influence lanthanum on corrosion electrochemical behavior of the alloy Ai + 6% Li
Biography:
Shuhratjon Nazarov is a PhD student at University of Lille, France.
Abstract:
Aluminum-lithium alloys are a new class of well-known aluminum systems and are characterized by excellent combination of mechanical properties, low density, increased elasticity modulus, and sufficiently high strength. This allows the creation of aerospace technology with a smaller mass, which gives the opportunity to save fuel, increase load capacity. Selection of lanthanum as an alloying element because it has a modifying effect on the structure of the alloy is beneficial to the corrosion resistance of aluminum. On the phase diagram Al-La by attaching aluminum eutectic reaction F-Al + LaAl4 at a concentration of 12% and 624°S. The solubility of lanthanum in solid aluminum is 0.05% at the eutectic temperature. The hardness, strength and elongation of aluminum virtually unchanged from administration of lanthanum. The last decade is characterized by the rapid expansion of the range of new, mainly plastics, metals and alloys, however, have been and remain the main structural materials in the manufacture of machinery, equipment, appliances, building construction, transportation and communications. In this regard, the improvement of methods and means of corrosion control is important not only for the possibility of reducing the economic loss from corrosion, but also to provide further technical progress.
Olaitan Lukman Akanji
Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa
Title: Electrochemical assessment of ammonium benzoate as corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in 0.5M HCl solution: Grey relational model approach
Biography:
Olaitan Lukman Akanji is studying towards completion of doctorate degree in chemical Engineering at department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of technology Pretoria South Africa with special focus on Corrosion control and Engineering. The research is aiming at using chemical inhibitor to mitigate corrosion that happen to materials used in industry. And special consideration will be given to modeling of surface corrosion.
Olaitan has authored and co- authored more than 8 peer reviewed journal papers on corrosion and corrosion modeling since he started his doctorate degree. He has attended conferences in countries such as Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Canada, France, Spain etc.
Abstract:
Surface deterioration by corrosion is one of the complications associated with ageing facilities and components especially under some service environments. Studies involving performance of corrosion inhibitors had been identified as one of the critical research needs for improving the durability of mild steel used in various industrial applications. This paper investigates the inhibiting effect of ammonium benzoate against the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl. The steel samples were cut to corrosion coupons, and immersed in 0.5 M HCl at 30 oC and the corrosion behavior was investigated using weight loss and electrochemical techniques. The microstructures of the developed thin films and uncoated samples were characterized by optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM/EDS). X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to identify the phases present. Results of the study revealed that the compound (at 2 % v/v concentration) performed effectively giving a maximum inhibition efficiency of ~ 80 %. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the mild steel surface was found to obey Temkin’s adsorption isotherm. SEM observation confirmed the existence of an absorbed protective film on the metal surface. Grey Relational Model [GRA] was used for the optimization of the experimental parameters as the processing parameters played an important role in the quality of protective film produced. The optimal values obtained by the model were validated by experimental results.
Mahjoubi Fatima Zahra
University Hassan, Morrocco
Title: Synthesis, characterization and used of layered double hydroxides containing chloride as sorbent for environmental hazard
Biography:
Fatima zahra MAHJOUBI, doing her postdoctoral studies from Hassan II Casablanca University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Bioorganic Chemistry, Mohammedia, Morocco.
Abstract:
In recent decades, a class of anionic clays known as layered double hydroxides (LDHs) or hydrotalcite-like compounds has attracted considerable attention from both industries. The general formula for an LDH is [MII(1-x) MIIIx(OH)2] [An-x/n .mH2O], where MII represents a divalent metal and MIII represents a trivalent metal. An enormous variety of interlayer anions (An-) can be incorporated in LDHs such as CO32-, SO42-, NO3- or Cl-. From a structural viewpoint, the effect of divalent/trivalent cations and interlayer anionic composition may provide insights regarding the crystal chemistry of different LDHs types, which may ultimately govern their ability to adsorb organic pollutant. In this work, Mg-Al, Ni-Al and Zn-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) materials with molar ratio (M2+/Al3+) of 3 were synthesized via a co-precipitation route. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Simultaneous thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). XRD analyses showed that Zn-Al-SO4 had the greatest lattices parameters followed by Mg-Al-SO4 and Ni-Al-SO4. FTIR confirmed clearly the presence of sulfates anions in the structure of LDHs in the interlayer. Two major stages of mass loss occurred for all the samples with better thermal stability of Zn-Al-SO4 vs. Ni-Al-SO4 and Mg-Al-SO4. The capability of LDHs for dye removal from aqueous solutions was investigated using methyl orange as a model and industrial textile effluent. The “batch†method for evaluating the adsorption of methyl orange dye into synthesized LDHs was investigated under various conditions such as solution pH, contact time and initial dye concentration. Experimental results showed that pH is the most affecting factor in the adsorbent. The effective pH range for dye removal was between 3.5 and 4.5. The adsorption process can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using three isotherm models: Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich. The results showed that Langmuir model fit with exceptional maximum adsorption capacities of 2758, 1622 and 800 mg/g, respectively, for Zn-Al-SO4, Mg-Al-SO4 and Ni-Al-SO4.
Elza Khutsishvili
Ferdinand Tavadze Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Georgia
Title: Impurities effective distribution coefficient in Si at pulling from MG-Si melt
Biography:
Elza Khutsishvili has completed her PhD at the age of 31 years from Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (TSU), Georgia. She is the scientist of Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials, Ferdinand Tavadze Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science and the Principal research worker of Institute of Materials Research of TSU. She has published more than 89 works in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Silicon is still the basic active component of modern high-performance semiconductor devices, especially for the terrestrial photo energetics. However further development of Si producing is held back by high cost price because of laborious and quite complicated technologies and application of dangerous materials. In this connection the search of other environmentally clean technologies of Si producing is very actual. In given work ecologically pure technology of normal directional crystallization and pulling from melt have been applied for direct purification of metallurgical Si. Initial metallurgical grade Si was 98%Si purity in mass with 2% of collection of unwanted impurities. Investigations of Si purification processes by normal directional crystallization with multiple remelting show, that the most effect of purification is achieved after third remelting of Si. As in the previous exsperiment metallurgical Si has been purified practically from majority of impurities by crystal pulling too. Data of effective coefficient of distribution of major impurities in Si satisfy to k0 ≤ k ≤1 inequality. Different mechanisms or their combination of . the purification processes of Si from impurities and peculiarities of impurities effective distribution coefficient in Si at pulling from MG-Si melt are discussed.